The Most Absolute Abolition - (Antislavery, Abolition, and the Atlantic World) by Jesse Olsavsky (Hardcover)

Book Synopsis

Jesse Olsavsky's The Most Absolute Abolition tells the dramatic story of how vigilance committees organized the Underground Railroad and revolutionized the abolitionist movement. These groups, based primarily in northeastern cities, defended Black neighborhoods from police and slave catchers. As the urban wing of the Underground Railroad, they helped as many as ten thousand refugees, building an elaborate network of like-minded sympathizers across boundaries of nation, gender, race, and class.

Olsavsky reveals how the committees cultivated a movement of ideas animated by a motley assortment of agitators and intellectuals, including famous figures such as Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, and Henry David Thoreau, who shared critical information with one another. Formerly enslaved runaways--who grasped the economy of slavery, developed their own political imaginations, and communicated strategies of resistance to abolitionists--serve as the book's central focus. The dialogues between fugitives and abolitionists further radicalized the latter's tactics and inspired novel forms of feminism, prison reform, and utopian constructs. These notions transformed abolitionism into a revolutionary movement, one at the heart of the crises that culminated in the Civil War.

Review Quotes

"Jesse Olsavsky's The Most Absolute Abolition reveals that there is still much to learn about the abolitionist movement, and much to learn from it as well. Olsavsky focuses on the work of abolitionist vigilance committees (VCs), the front lines for dedicated activists, Black and white, giving aid and protection to escapees from slavery who managed to reach the relative safety of places like Philadelphia, New York, and Boston. . . . We need more scholarship on the abolitionist lecture circuit, understudied in comparison to the copious and more readily available outputs of abolitionist printed material."--Journal of Southern History

"This provocative book focuses upon on vigilance committees in Pennsylvania, New York, and New England to provide historical confirmation of some parts of Underground Railroad myths and to bust open others. . . . This energetically argued, copiously documented book does a great service to the study of abolition by showing how thought and action originating far outside the formal political sphere propelled a nation toward an emancipatory crisis."--Journal of American History

"The Most Absolute Abolition provides readers with a fascinating perspective on vigilance committees and their role in shaping and organizing instances of abolitionism before and during the Civil War. . . . the compelling nature of the narrative, combined with Olsavsky's diligent research and clear writing style, make this a book that both seasoned and novice historians can consume."--Louisiana History

"A significant historiographic intervention. In a deeply researched and analyzed study of abolitionist Vigilance Committees, Olsavsky reveals an urban, radical Black politics driven by refugees and their allies on the Underground Railroad. The result was a community-based revolutionary abolitionism with lessons for today."--Graham Russell Gao Hodges, author of David Ruggles: A Radical Black Abolitionist and the Underground Railroad in New York City

"Jesse Olsavsky has written the most original work on the Underground Railroad. A brilliant and theoretically ambitious book that unearths the abolitionist underground. This important history of fugitivity, resistance, and their long afterlives is a cut above the rest."--Manisha Sinha, author of The Slave's Cause: A History of Abolition

"This engaging and meticulously researched book offers the first comprehensive look at how runaways and former maroons were both the drivers and teachers of the radical abolition movement through their work with vigilance committees. Jesse Olsavsky shines a new and revealing light on the extraordinary courage, heroism, and vision of the thousands who delivered themselves from bondage and those who assisted them."--Sylviane A. Diouf, author of Slavery's Exiles: The Story of the American Maroons

"This stirring history of the self-defense of the emancipated reveals the effectiveness of direct action. Filled with arresting sources, judiciously analyzed, it is a most important study of how social movements work."--David Roediger, author of Seizing Freedom: Slave Emancipation and Liberty for All

About the Author

Jesse Olsavsky is assistant professor of history at Duke Kunshan University in China.